Strategies to Manage Bill of Lading Disputes for Shippers Carriers

Strategies to Manage Bill of Lading Disputes for Shippers Carriers

This article provides an in-depth analysis of legal rules and practical risks associated with bills of lading (B/L). It clarifies the carrier's statutory obligations in issuing B/Ls and explains their legal effect as the basis for rights and obligations. The article outlines the liability boundaries for delivery/discharge without a B/L, analyzes the handling principles for practical scenarios such as lost B/Ls and demurrage liabilities. Furthermore, it offers risk prevention suggestions, including charter party clause settings and the use of letters of indemnity, aiming to help companies effectively avoid B/L dispute risks.

Direct Vs House Air Waybills Key Choices for Air Freight

Direct Vs House Air Waybills Key Choices for Air Freight

This article provides a detailed interpretation of the concepts, differences, and applicable scenarios of Direct Air Waybill (Direct AWB) and House Air Waybill (House AWB) in international air transport. A Direct AWB is issued by the airline, directly connecting the actual consignor and consignee. A House AWB is issued by the freight forwarder, involving a master air waybill and house air waybill, and is often used in scenarios where freight forwarders need to provide customs clearance and other services. The choice of which document to use depends on factors such as the consignee's customs clearance capabilities, service requirements, cost, information security, and transportation time.