General Terms in International Trade: The Application and Importance of Incoterms®
Incoterms® are the standard terms in international trade that clarify the responsibilities of buyers and sellers. The 2020 version aims to reduce disputes.
Incoterms® are the standard terms in international trade that clarify the responsibilities of buyers and sellers. The 2020 version aims to reduce disputes.
The International Longshoremen's Association (ILA) and the United States Maritime Alliance (USMX) have reached a new six-year agreement covering 36 ports along the U.S. East and Gulf Coasts. The agreement includes record wage increases and automation protections, averting a potential port shutdown. This provides a significant boost to labor relations and is important for the stability and development of the U.S. supply chain. The deal addresses concerns about job security in the face of increasing automation, ensuring a balance between technological advancement and workforce stability.
This paper delves into the "Self-Operation" model of freight forwarders, elaborating on its concept, operational process, advantages, and disadvantages, while comparing it with the "Non-Self-Operation" model. Focusing on common scenarios under FOB terms, it analyzes the factors to consider and risk mitigation methods when choosing the "Self-Operation" model. The aim is to assist cargo owners/shippers in making more informed decisions, achieving cost control, and improving efficiency in international trade logistics. It provides practical insights into navigating the complexities of freight forwarding under FOB Incoterms.
The Italy Air Waybill (AWB) serves as a crucial link connecting Italy to global markets, representing the contract of carriage for goods transported from Italian airports worldwide. This article details AWB types, terms, an overview of major Italian air cargo ports, and the advantages of choosing air freight. It also addresses frequently asked questions, aiming to help businesses better understand and utilize AWBs to facilitate international trade. The information provided assists in navigating the complexities of air freight and optimizing logistics strategies for companies engaged in global commerce with Italy.
This article provides a detailed overview of DDP door-to-door logistics services for cross-border e-commerce sellers, covering various countries and regions in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia. It offers reference prices and transit times for sea freight. The article emphasizes the importance of choosing a professional logistics partner to help sellers reduce logistics costs, improve operational efficiency, and focus on business growth. It aims to provide practical guidance for optimizing shipping strategies and enhancing overall competitiveness in the global market, especially for sellers utilizing sea freight combined with DDP terms.
This article provides a detailed analysis of the main transaction methods and pricing terms in international trade, including FOB, C&F, and CIF. It explains the meaning of each term and the regulations for filling out export customs declarations. Additionally, it discusses how to accurately fill in freight and insurance costs based on varying transaction prices, ensuring a smooth and compliant trade process.
Fitch Ratings analysts point out that even during periods of weak demand early in the pandemic, major shipping companies effectively controlled the supply of containers in the market by flexibly adjusting capacity. This supported stable freight rates and ultimately drove prices higher. The self-discipline of shipping companies in terms of capacity supply is reshaping the pricing mechanism of the maritime market.
The air freight express service from the U.S. has significant advantages in terms of shipment origin in Hong Kong, destination in Los Angeles, and final delivery in the West Coast. The high-frequency flights and zero-delay transshipments in Hong Kong, the efficient customs clearance processes in Los Angeles, and the rapid warehousing capabilities in the West Coast collectively enhance the overall efficiency of cargo transportation.
The classification of HS customs codes requires detailed evidence, as it varies for different products. Clothing is classified based on weaving methods and composition, furniture by usage and materials, and water heaters by heating methods. Cargo owners should collaborate with freight forwarders or customs brokers to enhance accuracy, ensuring the declaration specifies concrete terms, with a focus on categories, materials, and functions to improve classification effectiveness.
This article conducts an in-depth analysis of the four major process differences between Shanghai Port and Ningbo Port. It explores the distinctions in freight forwarding operations in terms of the incoming container manifest, data requirements for entry, pre-loading manifest submission, and customs declaration timing. These differences not only reflect each port's management model but also highlight the measures taken to enhance operational efficiency.