International Trade Terms Explained: A Comprehensive Analysis of Transaction Methods and Pricing Terminology

International Trade Terms Explained: A Comprehensive Analysis of Transaction Methods and Pricing Terminology

This article provides a detailed analysis of the main transaction methods and pricing terms in international trade, including FOB, C&F, and CIF. It explains the meaning of each term and the regulations for filling out export customs declarations. Additionally, it discusses how to accurately fill in freight and insurance costs based on varying transaction prices, ensuring a smooth and compliant trade process.

07/18/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Exploring the Nature of Contracts Between Freight Forwarders and Shippers in International Trade

Exploring the Nature of Contracts Between Freight Forwarders and Shippers in International Trade

This case study explores the complexities of the contractual nature between freight forwarders and shippers. With the development of international cargo transportation, maritime freight forwarders can act as either agents or carriers, leading to disputes regarding legal relationships. The crux lies in whether both parties negotiated freight for the entire transport; if the agent's role is not explicitly defined, they may be regarded as the carrier. The findings indicate that specific expressions of intent and the classification of cost types are crucial in determining the nature of the legal relationship.

07/28/2025 Logistics
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Trade Tensions to Prolong Freight Market Strain Through 2026

Trade Tensions to Prolong Freight Market Strain Through 2026

Tariffs and other trade frictions continue to impact the global freight market and are expected to persist through 2026. Rising trade protectionism disrupts supply chains, increases transportation costs, and forces companies to adjust production layouts and procurement strategies. Freight companies need to closely monitor trade policies, optimize operational strategies, and embrace digital transformation to adapt to market changes. The ongoing trade disputes create uncertainty and volatility, demanding agility and resilience from businesses operating in the international freight sector.

01/07/2026 Logistics Industry Insights
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WCO UN Call for Unimpeded Trade for Landlocked Nations During Pandemic

WCO UN Call for Unimpeded Trade for Landlocked Nations During Pandemic

The World Customs Organization and the United Nations urge ensuring smooth trade for landlocked developing countries during the pandemic, emphasizing the importance of freedom of transit and international cooperation. By simplifying customs procedures, investing in infrastructure, and diversifying trade partners, we can collectively address the impact of the pandemic on landlocked countries' trade and build a more resilient global supply chain. This collaborative effort aims to mitigate disruptions and foster sustainable economic growth for these vulnerable nations during and after the crisis.

12/30/2025 Customs Knowledge
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Maersk Adapts to Trump Tariffs Amid Trade Challenges

Maersk Adapts to Trump Tariffs Amid Trade Challenges

Amidst the uncertainty brought by Trump's tariff policies, Maersk CEO Søren Skou believes that tariffs themselves don't directly impact trade; consumer purchasing power is key. Maersk addresses these challenges by enhancing adaptability and deepening strategic partnerships, while firmly supporting free trade. This strategy offers valuable insights for the shipping industry, emphasizing flexible adaptation and efficiency improvements to navigate geopolitical risks and market fluctuations. The company's approach highlights the importance of resilience in a volatile global trade environment.

11/03/2025 Logistics Industry Insights
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Albania Joins Revised Kyoto Convention to Enhance Trade

Albania Joins Revised Kyoto Convention to Enhance Trade

Albania's accession to the Revised Kyoto Convention signifies its commitment to enhancing customs efficiency and integrating into global trade facilitation. As a cornerstone of modern customs procedures, the Convention promotes international trade by streamlining processes, applying information technology, implementing risk management, and strengthening cooperation. This has a profound impact on the global economy, fostering smoother and more efficient cross-border transactions. Its adoption reflects Albania's dedication to aligning with international standards and fostering a more competitive trade environment.

12/30/2025 Customs Knowledge
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