Global Trade Relies on Clarity of Incoterms

Global Trade Relies on Clarity of Incoterms

This article delves into the core functions and significance of international commercial terms (Incoterms®), including the allocation of costs and responsibilities, the clarification of risk transfer, and guidance for participants in transportation. Commonly used Incoterms® such as FCA, FOB, FAS, and EXW, along with the slight differences between the 2010 and 2020 versions, help buyers and sellers clearly understand their respective obligations and risks in transactions.

08/07/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Key Incoterms Explained FOB CIF DDP in Global Trade

Key Incoterms Explained FOB CIF DDP in Global Trade

This article delves into the three commonly used Incoterms in international sea freight: FOB, CIF, and DDP. It provides a detailed comparison of their differences in terms of responsibility allocation, risk transfer, and control. The article also offers avoidance suggestions for each Incoterm's specific risk points. Furthermore, based on different trade scenarios, it provides practical guidance for readers to choose the appropriate Incoterms. The aim is to help companies reduce costs, mitigate risks, and achieve mutually beneficial outcomes in international trade.

11/03/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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FOB Airport Pricing Key to Mitigating Air Freight Risks

FOB Airport Pricing Key to Mitigating Air Freight Risks

This article provides an in-depth analysis of FOB Airport Price in international air freight, clarifying its price composition, risk transfer mechanisms, and the division of responsibilities between buyers and sellers. By comparing it with traditional FOB, the article highlights the unique application of FOB Airport Price in air freight trade. The aim is to help practitioners mitigate trade risks and ensure smooth transactions. It covers key aspects like price calculation, responsibilities of each party involved, and potential pitfalls to avoid when using this specific trade term.

11/03/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Freight Forwarding Simplified for Global Trade Businesses

Freight Forwarding Simplified for Global Trade Businesses

This article addresses common issues in freight forwarding, such as the differences between Sea Waybill (SWB) and Telex Release, new VAT refund policies, manifest filling standards, customs declaration names, authentication of customs clearance documents, LSS fee payment under FOB terms, and variations in units of measurement. It aims to help readers avoid common pitfalls in freight forwarding and improve operational efficiency by providing detailed explanations and practical guidance. The goal is to streamline the process and reduce potential errors.

08/22/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Beginners Guide to Understanding Incoterms in Global Trade

Beginners Guide to Understanding Incoterms in Global Trade

This article provides a clear and concise explanation of the 13 common Incoterms (EXW, FCA, FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP, DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU, DDP) used in international trade. It details the responsibilities of both buyer and seller under each term, clarifies the point of risk transfer, and specifies the applicable modes of transport. The aim is to help foreign trade practitioners better understand and utilize these terms to effectively manage and mitigate trade risks.

08/22/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Freight Forwarding Expert Shares Industry Tips for Efficiency

Freight Forwarding Expert Shares Industry Tips for Efficiency

This article compiles Mingde's insights from a freight forwarding forum, covering common issues such as manifest completion, FOB terms, bill of lading identification, handling incorrect port codes, and return container fees. It aims to help novice freight forwarders quickly get started, solve practical operational problems, and improve their professional skills. The guide offers practical advice and solutions to frequently encountered challenges, providing a valuable resource for those new to the industry or seeking to enhance their knowledge.

08/23/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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Exporters Urged to Avoid Tax Rebate Calculation Errors

Exporters Urged to Avoid Tax Rebate Calculation Errors

This article provides an in-depth analysis of export tax rebate calculation methods, emphasizing the use of tax-exclusive FOB value as the basis, avoiding the common mistake of calculating based on tax-inclusive amounts or customs declaration amounts. For C&F and CIF trade terms, it clarifies the handling of freight and insurance costs. The aim is to help export companies accurately grasp tax rebate policies, comply with regulations, and reduce export costs. This ensures correct rebate applications and avoids potential financial penalties.

09/26/2025 Customs Knowledge
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Freight Forwarding Explained Key Terms and Practices

Freight Forwarding Explained Key Terms and Practices

This article provides a clear and accessible explanation of freight forwarding concepts such as consolidation, deconsolidation, and merging shipments. It also details the meaning of a bill of lading number with an 'A' suffix and the roles of master and house customs declarations. The aim is to help readers fully understand these freight forwarding terms and improve their freight efficiency. This includes the understanding of 'Consolidation' and 'Deconsolidation' which are key processes in freight forwarding, impacting cost and delivery times.

08/22/2025 Document Interpretation
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Key Forex Terms Explained for International Transfers

Key Forex Terms Explained for International Transfers

This article provides a clear and concise introduction to common exchange rate and foreign exchange trading terms used in international remittances. It explains concepts such as exchange rates, foreign exchange, spreads, currency pairs, and trading volume. The aim is to help readers understand the fundamental principles of cross-border fund flows, offering a valuable reference for international financial activities for both individuals and businesses. It serves as a practical guide to navigating the complexities of international money transfers.

03/08/2022 International Settlement
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Key Shipping Terms Explained for Global Traders

Key Shipping Terms Explained for Global Traders

This article delves into the two meanings of ETD (Estimated Time of Delivery and Estimated Time of Departure) in international ocean bills of lading. It also elaborates on key shipping terms such as ETA, ATD, and ATA. Through case studies, this aims to help foreign trade personnel accurately understand and utilize these terms, avoiding trade risks caused by misunderstandings. Ultimately, it facilitates the smooth progress of international trade.

11/03/2025 Logistics Encyclopedia
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